THEY live 30 minutes’ drive from one another in suburban Melbourne. One is a Jewish refugee from the nightmare of World War II Hungary, the other a former officer of the regime that tortured her.
The story 82-year-old Susanne Nozick has to tell is the new evidence that could bring 89-year-old Lajos Polgar to a war crimes trial, 61 years after the disgraceful events she describes.
Mrs Nozick was 19 and in hiding at Budapest’s Charity Hospital, in the final months of World War II, when she was detained by soldiers and taken with her mother to the notorious House of Loyalty, the headquarters of the dreaded Hungarian fascist organisation Arrow Cross. There she was forced to watch as her mother was raped and brutally beaten.
In late 1944, Mr Polgar was 27 and the chief of Arrow Cross headquarters at Andrassy 60, Budapest. He denies any Jews were tortured in the basement of the building he commanded, despite historical evidence suggesting otherwise.
Mrs Nozick, who does not recall seeing Mr Polgar, clearly remembers being locked inside the building’s cellar, watching as a Jewish professor had his eyes gouged out with a stick.
She remembers the pregnant woman who miscarried from incessant beatings. She also remembers the sexual humiliation she endured at the hands of up to 15 Arrow Cross men.
Mr Polgar said yesterday he had fled Budapest by the time Mrs Nozick was incarcerated.
“The gypsies had to go on the women and they raped us, and then they put a big stick into me too,” Mrs Nozick said. “They burn some paper in my leg. I couldn’t walk after. My mother, they put a gypsy on her. They tortured her. They beat her up.
“Everybody was screaming. I was screaming, she was screaming, and then we were unconscious. They put some cold water from the bucket, they throw cold water on us and then they did it all again.”
Later, all the women were marched naked to the banks of the Danube River, and most, including her mother, were shot.
On the march to the river in -30C temperatures, Mrs Nozick did not know why an Arrow Cross soldier taunted her with the words: “Nice Rebecca, do you know how to swim?”
But Mrs Nozick somehow escaped the bullet that should have killed her. She fell into the freezing Danube alive as her wounded mother drowned.
Her testimony is now with the Hungarian Government, which has placed Mr Polgar under suspicion of genocide and is probing his wartime activities.
Mr Polgar yesterday stood by his statement that no Jews were tortured in the House of Loyalty and he was “definitely not aware of anything like that happening”.
“There was nothing happening, I would have known, (hanged Arrow Cross leader Jozef) Gera would have known,” he said.
“If he would have heard that this was happening, the sky would have come down because he would have been very angry.”
Mr Polgar said during the period in early January that Mrs Nozick says she was tortured, he had already left Budapest. He says he left at Christmas 1944.
The Jerusalem-based Simon Wiesenthal Centre’s director Efraim Zuroff traced Mrs Nozick to Melbourne and met with her yesterday. Mr Zuroff said he would also give her testimony to the Australian Federal Police.
“Here is living proof of the terrible crimes committed in the headquarters of Andrassy 60,” Mr Zuroff said yesterday. “And they clearly totally contradict the version of events that was presented by Mr Polgar.”
Mr Zuroff travelled to Australia for a court hearing for Charles Zentai, a Perth pensioner accused of murdering a Jewish teenager in WWII. He met Attorney-General Philip Ruddock and Justice Minister Chris Ellison in Canberra earlier this week and discussed the Polgar case.
“They said they fully recognise the importance of prosecuting war criminals,” he said.
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